The molar mass of potassium permanganate, its density. So, let's roll up our sleeves and uncover the secrets of this versatile chemical compound. The chemical formula for potassium permanganate is KMnO4.
Molar Mass Potassium Permanganate
Molar mass, also known as molecular weight, is a fundamental concept in chemistry. It tells us how much a substance weighs per mole. In the case of potassium permanganate (KMnO4), understanding its molar mass is key to various chemical calculations.
{tocify} $title={Table of Contents}
Potassium (K) has a molar mass of approximately 39.10 g/mol, manganese (Mn) about 54.94 g/mol, and oxygen (O) roughly 16.00 g/mol. To find the molar mass of KMnO4, simply add these values together:
Molar Mass of KMnO4 = (1 x K) + (1 x Mn) + (4 x O)
Molar Mass of KMnO4 = (1 x 39.10 g/mol) + (1 x 54.94 g/mol) + (4 x 16.00 g/mol)
Molar Mass of KMnO4 = 39.10 g/mol + 54.94 g/mol + 64.00 g/mol
Molar Mass of KMnO4 = 158.04 g/mol
The molar mass of potassium permanganate is approximately 158.04 g/mol.
Density of Potassium Permanganate
Density is property of chemicals, telling us how tightly packed their particles are. In the case of potassium permanganate, its density can vary depending on factors like temperature and concentration. Typically, it ranges from 2.7 to 2.8 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
Calculating density
Density (ρ) = Mass (m) / Volume (V)
For instance, if you have 100 grams of potassium permanganate, you can find its volume using the formula:
Volume (V) = Mass (m) / Density (ρ)
Volume (V) = 100 g / 2.7 g/cm³
Volume (V) ≈ 37.04 cm³
Potassium Permanganate Uses
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) has several important and diverse uses across various fields due to its potent oxidizing and disinfecting properties.
1. Potassium permanganate is used to treat drinking water and wastewater. It helps remove impurities, organic matter, and dissolved iron and manganese, improving water quality.
2. It's employed as a disinfectant and antiseptic for minor wound care, often in a diluted solution. It can help prevent infections and promote wound healing.
3. In laboratories and industrial processes, it's used as a strong oxidizing agent to facilitate various chemical reactions, such as the oxidation of organic compounds.
4. It's used to wash fruits and vegetables to remove pesticides, contaminants, and pathogens, enhancing food safety.
5. In outdoor and emergency situations, potassium permanganate can be used to disinfect and purify water from natural sources.
6. It's used to treat fish diseases caused by parasites, fungi, and bacteria. Potassium permanganate baths can help maintain fish health in aquaculture.
7. It's an effective stain remover for fabrics, especially for removing organic stains like tea, coffee, and blood.
8. In survival situations, potassium permanganate can be used to ignite fires when mixed with glycerin, creating a highly exothermic reaction.
9. It's employed in analytical chemistry techniques, such as titration, for determining the concentration of reducing agents.
10. In educational settings, it's used for visually striking chemical demonstrations, showing its vibrant purple color when dissolved in water.
11. In emergency response situations, it can be used to decontaminate surfaces and equipment exposed to hazardous chemicals.
Potassium Permanganate and Glycerin with Chemical Equations
Combining potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and glycerin (also known as glycerol, C3H8O3) can result in a highly exothermic and potentially dangerous reaction. This combination is often used as a demonstration of the powerful oxidizing properties of potassium permanganate. Here's the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:
10 KMnO4 + 4 C3H8O3 → 10 MnO2 + 12 H2O + 5 K2CO3 + 8 CO2
In this reaction, potassium permanganate (KMnO4) acts as a strong oxidizing agent, and glycerin (C3H8O3) is the reducing agent. The reaction produces manganese dioxide (MnO2), water (H2O), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and carbon dioxide (CO2).
It is essential to note that this reaction releases a significant amount of heat and can result in flames and rapid gas production, making it potentially hazardous. It should only be conducted by trained individuals in a controlled environment with safety precautions in place.
Does Potassium Permanganate Diffuse more Rapidly through Water or through Agar Gel? Why?
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) will diffuse more rapidly through water compared to agar gel. This difference in diffusion rate is primarily due to the varying properties of these two substances.
1. Molecular Size and Structure: Water molecules are much smaller and have a simpler structure compared to the complex matrix of agar gel. Potassium permanganate molecules need to navigate through the spaces between the molecules of the substance they are diffusing through. In the case of water, these spaces are relatively large, allowing for faster movement of the smaller KMnO4 molecules. Agar gel, on the other hand, has a more intricate and dense structure with smaller channels, hindering the rapid movement of potassium permanganate.
2. Viscosity: Water has a lower viscosity compared to agar gel. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. Agar gel has a higher viscosity due to its gel-like consistency, which offers more resistance to the movement of molecules. Water's lower viscosity allows molecules, like potassium permanganate, to move more freely.
3. Diffusion Rate: The rate of diffusion is influenced by the concentration gradient. In both water and agar gel, potassium permanganate will diffuse from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. However, in water, the diffusion will occur more rapidly because the smaller molecules can move more easily through the medium, and the concentration gradient is more efficiently established.
What is the Mass of Oxygen in 25.0 grams of Potassium Permanganate KMnO4?
To find the mass of oxygen in 25.0 grams of potassium permanganate (KMnO4), you can use the molar mass of KMnO4 and the mole ratio of oxygen in the compound.
The molar mass of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is approximately 158.04 grams per mole, as mentioned in a previous response.
Calculate the molar mass contribution of oxygen (O) in one molecule of KMnO4:
1. Potassium (K) has a molar mass of approximately 39.10 g/mol.
2. Manganese (Mn) has a molar mass of approximately 54.94 g/mol.
3. Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of approximately 16.00 g/mol.
There are four oxygen atoms in one molecule of potassium permanganate (KMnO4).
The molar mass contribution of oxygen is:
(4 x molar mass of oxygen) = (4 x 16.00 g/mol) = 64.00 g/mol.
Now, Calculate the mass of oxygen in 25.0 grams of KMnO4:
Mass of oxygen = (25.0 g / 158.04 g/mol) x (4 x 16.00 g/mol)
Mass of oxygen ≈ (0.1585 mol) x (64.00 g/mol)
Mass of oxygen ≈ 10.16 grams
There are 10.16 grams of oxygen in 25.0 grams of potassium permanganate.
