Magnesium chloride is an inorganic compound. It is solid with a white crystalline structure. Additionally, this mineral salt can be found naturally in various regions across the globe. Magnesium chloride has the chemical formula MgCl2, consisting of one magnesium atom and two chloride atoms.
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Magnesium, a metal, can be found in group 2 of the periodic table. As a result, it forms two Mg2+ ions with a positive charge and two Cl- ions with a negative charge. These ions are attracted to each other and come together to create a crystal lattice structure.
The compound magnesium chloride (MgCl2) forms an ionic bond between a single magnesium atom and two chloride atoms.
Magnesium Chloride Structure
   Cl- Mg2+, Cl- Mg2+
   Mg2+ Cl-, Mg2+ Cl-
   Cl- Mg2+, Cl- Mg2+
   Mg2+ Cl-, Mg2+ Cl-
Magnesium Chloride Properties
Melting point: 714°C
Boiling point: 1412°C
Density of Magnesium Chloride: 2.32 g/cm³
Solubility: It is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of 54 g/100 mL at 25°C.
Hygroscopicity:Â It is hygroscopic, it absorbs moisture from the air.
pH:Â The pH of magnesium chloride is about 6.0 and this is slightly acidic.
Chemical reactivity;Â It is a stable compound that does not react with most substances. It reacts with strong oxidizing agents and some metals.
Uses
1. It is used as de-icing on roads, bridges, and airports. It prevents the formation of ice by lowering the freezing point of water.
2. It is used as a dust suppression or control agent on paved roads, construction sites, and mining operations.
3. It is used as a source of magnesium in food and pharmaceutical products.
4. It is used to soften water and remove impurities in water treatment.
5. It is used to improve the quality of the soil.
6. Textile production, paper manufacturing, and fireproofing. Magnesium chloride is used as a catalyst in chemical reactions in industry.
Magnesium Chloride Benefits
Magnesium chloride is an excellent provider of magnesium, a vital element that plays a crucial role in sustaining optimal levels within the body.
It is also beneficial in reducing blood pressure, minimizing the chances of heart disease, and enhancing heart function.
Magnesium chloride aids in the production of immune cells and the reduction of inflammation.
Magnesium Chloride Side Effects
Most individuals can safely consume magnesium chloride (MgCl2) without any issues. Nevertheless, excessive intake of magnesium chloride may lead to certain side effects.
1. Digestive issues.
2. Allergic reactions.
3. Interactions with medications.
4. Dehydration.
5. Muscle weakness.
6. Low blood pressure.
Magnesium Chloride Ice Melt
Magnesium chloride is a popular choice for melting ice on roads, bridges, and sidewalks. It works wonders as a de-icing agent by reducing the freezing point of water.
Ethyl magnesium chloride in reaction with benzophenone gives alcohol
Ethyl magnesium chloride, upon reacting with benzophenone, forms 1-phenylethanol (also known as alpha-phenylethanol).
This is a Grignard reaction, where ethyl magnesium chloride acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl group of the benzophenone. This forms a magnesium alkoxide intermediate, which then reacts with water to produce 1-phenylethanol as the end result.
C6H5COC6H5 + C2H5MgCl → C6H5CH2OMgCl + C2H5Cl
C6H5CH2OMgCl + H2O → C6H5CH2OH + MgCl(OH)
